With laminate samdwiched between the two pieces, how would you line it up so that you are sure the edges are even? In other words, with the laminate applied, you would lose the ability to see the edge. Most likely, they wouldn't be lined up and and you would be trimming an uneven edge, biting into the wood.
I still think laminate first and then cut for beveled edges.
BTW: I believe there is a distinct difference between a bevel and a miter cut. As usually defined bevel cuts are not perpendicular to the long axis of a board. Mitre cuts are. For example, a compund miter saw makes both bevel and miter cuts. All the pictures shown above are bevels.
But you are correct that it is really a question of relativeness.