Most of the music based arcade games (e.g. DDR and others) would meet these criteria, but I'm guessing that's not what you're after.
Puzzle De Pon is pretty close. The only thing that varies is the order of the pieces you're given to play. The game board layout is the same for each level every time you play the game. Bust A Move ala Puzzle Bobble is similar. Magical Drop and Money Puzzle Exchanger don't have these properties (though the first few levels of Magical Drop 2, at least, are always the same).
Pac Man would qualify, but I guess the ghosts and Pac Man himself can "die".
The Laserdisc games definitely qualify as predictable and are generally at least somewhat fast-paced, but people die in most of them (though often in comical, rather than "gruesome" ways).
A lot of racers might qualify. Daytona USA, for example, has scripted AIs for the computer players, and the courses are always the same. If you drive exactly the same way every time, you should get exactly the same results. I believe Hard Drivin' and Race Drivin' would also meet the stated criteria.