Nah, you're definitely wrong. Cave Johnson just says that it turned out Moon dust made an excellent portal conductor. This is from the
Half-Life Wiki:
At some point in the late 1970s or early 1980s, Cave Johnson, CEO of Aperture Science, somehow managed to acquire roughly $70 million worth of Moon rock. Upon grinding up and mixing it into gel, he discovered two things: one being that it made a great portal conductor, and the other being that ground Moon rock was "pure poison."
If they didn't acquire the Moon rock until at least the 1970s (and they
didn't since NASA didn't even
visit the Moon until 1969) it would make no sense for 1950s era sections of the Enrichment Center to have signs reminding people not to forget their Quantum Tunneling Device. And the 1950s test chambers require a portal gun to solve the tests. Moreover, there are areas all over the facility as well as outside the facility on which portals can be made--behind walls, in elevator shafts, etc. It would make no sense to just paint random non-test-chamber surfaces all over the place with moon dust. Since it makes absolutely no sense in the story, is never stated, and is never really even implied (again, Cave merely says that he discovered that Moon dust makes
an excellent portal conductor), you have to assume that Valve never intended you to conclude that Moon paint is the only viable portal conductor. All signs point to concrete working just fine.