To answer the question " what does wattage have to do with temperature ranges".
Most soldering irons are meant to be used with solder. As Rampy pointed out solder melts at about 190 Deg C or 400 Deg F. To attain this temperature the heat has to flow from the soldering iron to the work piece. Thus the temp of the iron has to be above the melting point of the solder. The wattage of the iron determines the amount of energy available for this transfer. Thus a small wattage iron 25-35 watts is good for traces and components on a PCB but a 150- 200W gun is more suited for soldering Heavy Duty items like copper cable for ham radio antennas that have alot of mass. A Gen Purpose iron at about 80 to 100 W can be used for things like stained glass leading.
This is why Rampy was asking what is the person going to be using the iron for.
There are also butane powered portable irons and rechargable battery powered irons. You cannot answer the question of what type of iron and what wattage without knowing what it will be used for.
BobA
