Generally it all depends on how careful you are.. tapping the right traces, staying within those traces (avoiding shorts)
but how simple the mod depends also on your controller. Can't know that till you have it apart. But yeah, as long as your
software keeps proper track of the switch inputs, you can use about anything that you can get a reliable connection into or onto.
Budget-minding tips:
Try goodwill/salvation army for some cheap controllers, USB keyboards are showing up nowadays, and if you have a 'Tuesday Morning' store,
they have some brand new 'Disney' USB game controllers last I saw about $3, nothing wrong with em other than color scheme

Non-gamestop video game trader stores are good for cheap x-box controller rejects; usually the analog joysticks have gone bad/broken.. plenty left to use.