when i connect the lcd to the motherboard then connect the motherboard via usb to my computer i get a picture on the lcd of a battery symbol.
That's just the built-in firmware of the phone displaying the battery charge indicator when it detects power (via USB). I don't think you will get what you want via that route.
To interface to a computer via USB you will likely have to build a microcontroller based interface (you may be able to find a dev board somewhere - prob $$$ though).
To build a microcontroller interface you would need to first find the datasheet for that display. Something like the PDFs here:
http://www.crystalfontz.com/products/128128a/data_sheet/data_sheet.htmlThen you would need to get familiar with a microcontroller, how to communicate via USB, and how to write the corresponding host-side software. Been down that road, if your new to this kind of thing expect a year or so of learning.
There are some forums around that deal with this kind of thing. You can try here:
http://forum.lcdinfo.com/Now that I look at it perhaps that 13700 board they sell will work (that would save a heck of a lot of time):
http://www.lcdinfo.com/You could try posting the LCD model info to that forum and ask if the controller will work.