Edit: Adding more tests.
I accumultated a few systems to be thrown by a local computer tech. As I'm attempting to get a few machines up and running with arcade monitors and loving the performance that DOS+AdvanceMame can give (over the bloat of DirectX+Windows to PC Monitor with scaling/etc..). I had previously done some tests on various AMD chips running at stock and various overclocks (Duron 600 + 850 o/c'd up to about 1 GHz, and Athlon 750 o/c'd up to about 1GHz too). I'll post those results later.
Anyway, here are the 2 systems and confirgurations and info. The software was identical--I just swapped the hard drive, only the hardware was different.
System 1: P166, 16 meg 72 pin simm (EDO?) memory
System 2: Celeron 366, 32 meg 168 pin DIMM PC66 memory
System 3: Athlon 750 (100mhz 7.5 multiplier), 184 pin 128 meg DDR memory (running at 100 MHZ though)
Video card: Jaton 67P (Trident Providia 9685 / 4 meg ram) (system 1, 2, 3)
System 3NewVideo: Tried 4 OTHER video cards and got MUCH better results. Oddly they were all equal. The cards were: Elsa Riva 128 PCI 4 meg, Radeon 7000 PCI 32 meg, nVidia Quattro Pro AGP 32meg, nVidia GeForce2GTS 32 meg AGP.
Software: Dos 7 from Win98Se boot disc, AdvanceMame .83
Note: I also tried 1 2 meg Diamond Stealth S3 Virge/VX 86C988 card and it couldn't output arcade resolutions.
Performance: [System 1] (System 2) System 3 {System3NewVideo}
BTIME [73-81%] (138-146%) 254-262% {339-354%}
CENTIPEDE [60-72%] (147-155%) 232-233% {312-314%}
ARKANOID [83-84%] (158-170%) 250-251% {327-328%}
Summary: A P166/16 meg took about 3 minutes to load mame and the game. More memory would have helped considerably on boot up time. However performace was 60% of full speed.... unacceptable. More ram would probably not have helped this.
A Celeron 366/32 meg took about 1 minute to load mame and the game. Again, more memory would help boot time. Performace was more than acceptable..
An Athlon 750/128 meg took about 20 seconds to load mame and the game. Note: I set the cpu to memory clock at 100/100. When set at 100/133, I lost 1% performance.
Granted, I only picked a few classic games, but ones I am likely to play.
Therefore I think that if you are looking to connect to an arcade monitor (use AdvanceMame) you will want to get at least a Pentium II/Celeron solution (266/300 MHz MINIMUM) with at least 64 meg of ram to make it playable/bearable.
I'll post my other notes later from the AMD's but IIRC, these games played at about 250% on a Duron 600 and about 400% on a Duron 1GHZ with 128 meg of ram. I'd strongly suggest looking at AMD systems instead of Intel.
I will retest the P166 and Cel366 with the other video cards.. I'd expect to see those numbers above 200% performance on the celeron and perhaps 100% on the P166, lowering the minimum bar for hardware with the better video cards. Again, I was surprised a 1996 nVidia Riva 128 4 meg PCI card performed IDENTICAL to a Radeon 7000 and GeForce2 GTS, both 32 meg! Clearly the trident PCI I started with was the runt of the litter, though it had acceptable results .