likely they are just bypass caps or power smoothing caps.
either way, the voltage won't make much difference. they would be 0.01 uf 50 volts (according to the code) but you could use a larger voltage if that's all you had.
ceramic caps don't really go bad, so if you can solder them back solid again, they'll be good to go.
as far as your CPU goes... hard to tell... it's always a crap shoot if you inherit someone else's machine. you never know what they've done to it or why it's CPU is missing.
it's possible someone just stole it to fix another machine, in which case... it should be good to go with a new one. otherwise...
