I HATE lists like this. Space Invaders is NOT the best arcade game. There are hundreds of better shooters. I HATE it when lists put games above others just because of their historical significance.
What a crappy list. Space Invaders at the top, and no Street Fighter 2? Come ON.
I've got no love for Street Fighter, but I agree in general that lists like these seem to always rehash the same old tired titles. It's kind of like if somebody came in and said "hey everybody, I'm digging Led Zeppelin, recommend me some songs!" and everybody answered "Stairway to Heaven! Black Dog!" In other words, not exactly revelatory.
To the OP, I'd recommend searching this forum for "hidden gems" and other such search terms. I know I've seen (and posted in) multiple threads of that nature in the last few years, and have picked up some great tips on games to check out.
If you're one of those people that holds "nostalgia" as a mandatory component for enjoying retro games, then you're probably not interested in playing anything unless you played it as a kid, in which case you can just stick with the everyday Galagas and Pac-Mans.
But, there are lots of great discoveries to be had in MAME if you're open to going off the beaten path.
Haze makes a good point that the original list contains a lot of games that would be questionable at best on your control panel layout. Breakdown (some of it IMO):
Space Invaders - boring as hell, but would be playable
Asteroids - joystick controls for ship = the suck
Galaxian - OK
Lunar Lander - no good, need something to mimic the throttle lever
Battlezone - need dual sticks
Berzerk - OK
Centipede - no good without trackball
Defender - doable with some right-hand gymnastics to hit all the buttons
Missile Command - no good without trackball
Pac-Man - doable if set to 4-way, but not very good joystick position for it
Phoenix - OK
Rally-X - doable if set to 4-way, but not very good joystick position for it
Star Castle - joystick control of ship = the suck
Tempest - without spinner, don't bother
Wizard Of Wor - I'd rather eat a used band-aid than play this pile of ---steaming pile of meadow muffin---
Donkey Kong - OK if set to 4-way
Frogger - vaguely playable with U360 set to 4-way, but not very good joystick position
Scramble - OK
Galaga - OK
Ms. Pac-Man - see Pac-Man
Qix - OK if set to 4-way
BurgerTime - OK if set to 4-way
Dig Dug - OK if set to 4-way
Donkey Kong Jr. - OK if set to 4-way
Joust - OK
Moon Patrol - OK
Pole Position - no good without steering wheel
Q*bert - playable in 4-way mode, but controls will be confusing
Robotron: 2084 - no good, need dual sticks
Time Pilot - OK
Tron - no good, controls missing
Xevious - OK
Zaxxon - OK
Dragon's Lair - OK
Gyruss - OK
Mappy - OK
Mario Bros. - OK
Star Wars - doable with hack control scheme, I suppose.
Spy Hunter - missing controls
Tapper - OK
1942 - OK
Paperboy - no good without proper analog controller, but maybe playable with U360
Punch-Out!! - OK