MDF: works well but heavy, pervasive sawdust is messy. the best choice of these if you're going to paint the cab.
Lauan: Phillipine mahogany - plywood products vary. if it has a good face veneer (layer of wood) it is light and will be ok. Usually not used for any structural application. poor fastener holding at the edges.
BC fir: if you mean BC plywood, that is not an appearance grade and will have knots. If you mean fir veneer plywood from BC canada in an appearance grade, it could be fine.
Birch ply: good all around cabinet wood
Oak ply: also nice, but with a more pronounced grain, probably more cost than birch.
Given the requirement for lightness I would go with 1/2" birch ply.