Oh, now yer gonna make me look it up....
<look, look>
Okay, from the USB FAQ:
Q9: How many USB peripherals can I connect at once?
A9: Technically, you can connect up to 127 individual USB peripherals at one time. Due to the fact that some devices reserve USB bandwidth, the practical maximum of devices is less than the theoretical maximum. However, PCI-USB add-in cards provide an independent USB bus to which even more peripherals can be connected.
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It's also worth noting that the hub counts as a device, so a fully-loaded 4-port USB hub is 5 devices. I don't know if pass-throughs count as hubs, though...
--Chris