In my first spec listing, the 'P3' and 'P4' references assume Pentium or other-brand equivalent with the clock speed mentioned. Particularly with older MAME versions, there are loads of modified builds/hacks available to enhance performance to take advantage of certain hardware so it's easy to get better performance just by switching to one of these builds (eg. there are pentium-optimised builds, celeron-optimised builds, Athlon-optimised builds, some with speed hacks etc.).
With regards to front-ends, Hyperspin does now tend to be the weapon of choice owing to it's very impressive visuals, features and relatively easy setup. The trade-off of course is that you need a lot of storage space and higher spec PC compared to other simpler front-ends. In my opinion, a front-end should not be more demanding than the emulators themselves and there are many 'lightweight' front-ends that can look very good and have many features, so why improve spec just for a menu system? Try switching to tried and tested favourites like AtomicFE, Mamewah or Mala. Even GameEx is far less demanding and that has very animated visuals too.
One last comment is that although it may sound obvious, many people fail to check that essential base software is installed correctly. Ensure your graphics and sound drivers are up-to-date, Windows updates are done and background services killed, and that DirectX is up-to-date. Many emulators will perform drastically different with any one of these factors not done, so be sure they are.