As far as Ive seen, Halftone is something they use for newspapers, or as a method of
design... Not a print technology. For example, you can print halftone designs on an
inkjet printer.
The main types of Printing technologies are:
1) Silk Screen
2) Inkjet
Silk screening is what they used to use on Pinball & Arcade machines. Each color
is rolled on individually. This makes the colors very vivid, because you can directly
apply things like Neon Ink. You just cant MIX up Neon colors from Red/Green/Blue!
Because the number of inks are unlimted.. you can achieve excellent color
spectrum ranges. Meaning... if you want to shade from light blue to dark
blue... you will have more 'steps' between each color.
Inkjet quality is depends on the machine & choice of inks. These are not your
typical home inkjets. They are Industrial, but, they use the same technology.
Just like your home inkjet:
1) If you want to print photographs that LOOK like real photos, you will need
photo ink packages, and a printer that supports them. This included things like a
Gloss black, as well as some other ink colors, that simply cant be mixed with
standard 3 color ink setups. Typical photo inkjets have about 7 ink cartridges,
some have more.
The same is true even for Traditional Art Paints. The reason there are more than
5 colors, isnt because of lazy artists who dont want to mix colors up. Its because
you will never achieve certain colors at correct shades and hues with only base colors.
When you try... you often get muddy colors... that look horrible. I know this, because
I paint with oils and acrylics.
2) Similarly, if you want a picture to look very good, you will need to use
the optimal settings (generous ink), as well as Super High resolution.
3) The Artwork file you use, will also determine how it looks. Typical pro printers
use CKMY, not RBG. Realize that windows color output is actually very limited
compared to the real visual color spectrum. I believe they do have ways to simulate
wider spectrums onscreen & print them in the wider ink-allowed spectrums.
Sterns Inkjet machine, or the machines which they are paying to run their machines
on, is probably very low resolution, and as a result, they Have to use large dot
pattern artwork... Or, the art is converted before its printed.
I seriously doubt its simply to save ink. If anything, it would be to save time.
High res prints can take a lot longer to print. Hence the reason why silk-screen
is again preferred. You can roll out an entire color in seconds, and when
there are more than one field involved, the process in very efficient and fast.
Photos don't get washed out any more than any other color.
I did a good job of explaining it above. But heres a few key notes:
1) A single color like RED, will be very vivid, because there is red ink in the hopper.
However, Making PINK requires what? Stippling the red with the background white.
The stipple will make the picture quality worse, and the color itself wont look as good
as if it was a pink ink, or a mixture of red+white.
Even mixtures of light blue to dark blue, will depend greatly on if there is more than
one blue to mix with, shaded with background white, or adding black. Black would
seem to be fine right? Sadly, black mixed with a pure color tends to make it look more
gray and muddy. Same for adding white. A pure color will always look 1000x better
and correct than trying to add white/black to it. In simple terms, adding black & white
reduces the color spectrum when mixing inks/paints.
2) Photos have a very wide color spectrum. They are not like single color lines.
Even light shading does not compared in spectrum to a typical photograph.
This is why its so noticeable when there is a lack of color spectrum when printing
photos.
3) Using non photo inks create worse photographic results, because they dont
capture the spectrums typical in photographs. The resulting mixing of poorly matched
inks, will leave the image looking grayish, washed out, blurry... awful.
4) If a printer uses large visible stipples (dot patterns), that means the image is not
true, and you are losing the in-between colors. Again, loss of spectrum = poor
color range = crappy picture.
5) A Silk-Screened image needs no stipples to mix colors. Stipples are an artistic
choice. However, the colors are always solid. IE: Neon orange, will not be a mixture
of several colors dotted together to try to Look neon.
They Do make incredible Industrial Inkjet machines, capable of more than 7 color
mixing, UV resistant inks, and resolution that is so fine you would need a 10x magnifier
to see the dots. However, you wont see stern using them...