What about the freezer trick? Freeze the HD and try to clone it?
uhm, no. don't. yeah. i don't care what people have said, saying they've done it 100 times and it works all the time. Don't freeze your hard drive. You will lose more than you'd ever gain. unless you have a very specific failure caused by heat causing a drive failure...don't. Even had a guy tell me he froze his drive and it magically worked and has been reliable for 7 years, or some BS. Rolling my eyes so hard my retinas detached.
ANYWAYS...
downloading 10,000 mame games really doesn't take very long, especially with the speed things run these days. You can find... out there... complete sets all ready to go, just dump and run.
all your hardware will work with new versions of mame, in fact it will probably work more reliably with updated software and drivers.
the front end you use is your choice. you can stick with what you had, or go with something else. not a big deal.
you are acting like it's a great crisis and something that is impossible to fix.
Toss the old drive, (heck even the whole computer) get a new one (off craigslist for >30 bucks if you have to) and download what you need onto it. It's easier to do things like this than they were 15 years ago.