the k7000 series of monitor went through many changes over the years. You look like you have an early model. It's not uncommon to have a board with extra parts attached to the backsides of boards...or with parts missing entirely.
Sync is what the monitor uses to time the video signal there are 4 different types of sync:
horizontal negative
vertical negative
horizontal positive
vertical positive
a monitor needs at least ONE of these to properly synchronize the video to the scanning of the monitor. Some games however out put several or even mixed signals and separate them accordingly in the monitor using a sync separator. AKA Composite sync.
you have a properly sync'd picture.
(okay everybody i know this is wrong but i'm going to simplify this issue)stay with me here...
now you have to realize what happens next now that the monitor is timed to start drawing a picture on the screen...
there is 3 streams of particles comming out of the end of the tube (one for each color red green and blue) the 3 beams of energy particles coming out of the end of the tube now has to travel to the front portion of the screen to draw a picture... except it only can travel in a straight line. so the beams travels to the front of the screen where they go splat and make a great big dot in the middle of the screen. how fun

Because the beam comming from the end of the tube is sensitive to magnetic fields we use 2 magnetic coils to pull the stream of particles from a straight line to a curved line. This is called the yoke. it has a horizontal coil and a vertical coil. these pull the stream of particles vertically and horizontally to position this dot wherever we want on the screen.
this yoke must be precisely aligned to get the 3 beams to properly hit the tiny dots on the screen...otherwise the beams get pulled off their course and hit a dot different from where it's supposed to. this is why you can see your insert coin text (that should be white) seperated into red green and blue. The beam is getting pulled off course.
Now, WHY THIS IS THIS HAPPENING?!?!
most likely:
the yoke isn't properly aligned with the tube
there are some additional magnets missing (sometimes they add magnets to the back of the tube to help align stuff up better)
Less likely:
the purity rings on the neck have become loose or have been knocked out of place.
a magnetic field nearby is causing the distortion.
Least likely:
electrical problem
Wiring issue
Electronic issue
absolutely not likely:
sync issue
Cat and/or dog
game issue
power problem
Solar Flares
dragons