what is quick mame?
It's actually "quick mame compiler". Don't get your hopes up for a faster running MAME.
Previously known as "my mame", it's a program that automates the compiling process.
Unfortunately, the author decided to rip off Headkaze's Mame Compiler 64 instead of coming up with something original.
http://forum.arcadecontrols.com/index.php?topic=115004.msg1219076#msg1219076....which is why I was being a smart ass instead of helping.

To answer the original question. An old rom will work with newer versions of MAME until the point that a change is made to that particular rom.
There's no way "all" your old roms worked with v.144. Whatever games stopped working between v.144 and v.144u3, must have had changes made to the rom between those versions.
It's usually just renaming and reshuffling stuff, but MAME won't be able to find it under the old name/structure. If you refer to the WhatsNew.txt for v.144u1-3, you'll probably find the affected roms mentioned.
The fact that you compiled your own copy of MAME has nothing to do with the roms no longer working.
The only solution is to be happy with the older version of MAME or update your roms.
If none of them are working, then you're rom path is wrong.