About the crumbling: this COULD happen, but it all depends on the kind of wood that's underneath it, the age of the wood and what it's been through. If we're talking about a 30-year old cab with a lot of water damage, then the wood underneath the laminate is most likely heavily damaged and might crumble if you take away the laminate.
Sanding it down a bit with very rough sanding paper and applying a couple coats of high quality primer should be fine though. Then you can proceed painting as normal (paint/sand/paint/sand/paint/...).
Correct me if I'm wrong, but afaik, you can laminate on about anything. So there shouldn't be a problem there. Just make sure it's an even, flat surface and use the proper techniques.
Damaged edges, corners can also be fixed by soaking them in wood glue and clamping them together very firmly. Look around, it has been done before and there's a nice guide around with pictures.
Cheers!