Way back in highschool I made a skateboard deck using the bent wood processes described above. It had 10 layers of 1/16" thick wood. For strength, each sheet was rotated 90 degrees, but I don't think you will need to do this. You can make some pretty wicked shapes with this process, and depending on the glue and clamps, can be very strong. That skateboard lasted a long time.
To cover the laminate edge, I'd recommend making a hard wood strip to go around the perimeter, cut to fit the edges of the casting.
To cover up the seam on the perimeter (where the last sheet meets up) you could put splines running from front to back. You would only need one, but for aesthetics, you might want 4, 8, or more. It might end up looking like a barrel this way.
HarumaN mentioned scuffing up the back to diffuse the light. You might also consider using a piece of textured glass. It might not be cost effective, but it would be consistent.
Cool project. I'm doing a lot of experiments with lighting right now myself. Lots of fun.
A couple of questions:
How did you make the mold? Did your wife carve a master, then rubber mold from that?
What material did you use for the casting? I presume it is pretty toxic to the nose?
Did you do anything special to avoid/remove air bubbles?
Good luck.