Hey Hunk_4TH,
I use GLSL with cgwg CRT shader on my Ubutntu 12.04, it works quite well and I like it very much!
First get the latest version by cgwg called CRT-geom-20120130.zip here
http://www.sendspace.com/file/gctlod unzip it in ~/.mame/CRT
Second get mame 0.145 sources from
http://mamedev.org/, unzip and copy the mame/src/osd/sdl/shader folder in ~/.mame/CRT
you'll end up with something like this:
[1006] diego@mother ~> ls -l ~/.mame/CRT
total 36
-rw-r--r-- 1 diego diego 6866 Jan 31 02:21 CRT-geom_idx16_lut.fsh
-rw-r--r-- 1 diego diego 6866 Jan 31 02:21 CRT-geom_rgb32_dir.fsh
-rw-r--r-- 1 diego diego 6866 Jan 31 02:21 CRT-geom_rgb32_lut.fsh
-rw-r--r-- 1 diego diego 3096 Apr 2 17:15 CRT-geom.vsh
drwx------ 2 diego diego 4096 Apr 24 14:11 shader
now edit these lines in your mame.ini:
gl_glsl 1
gl_glsl_filter 1
glsl_shader_mame0 /home/username/.mame/CRT/shader/glsl_plain
glsl_shader_mame1 /home/username/.mame/CRT/CRT-geom
change username to whatever your username is, take special care in not using ~ or $HOME, for some reason mame dosen't like that in those lines!