I know a Diesel car of 10 years ago pollutes the same as 12 modern Diesel cars.
I seriously doubt it. You might have read that on some pro diesel site, but there is more and more research showing that diesel engines are not actually getting cleaner at all. It only looks cleaner (by eye and by casual testing). When you look at the whole picture, diesel is still quite dirty.
Visually, they eliminated the big black clouds of smoke, but the truth is that that smoke is a lot less harmfull than the fine invisible particles that modern diesels (running on modern synthetic diesel oil) emit. Apart from the NOx which you cannot see at all of course.
Then there is the problem that they only measure the weight of the emitted particles. The newer diesels blow out more particles albeit finer ones. Overall the eight is down, but there are still more particles. Also, the finer the particles the more harmful (because they can penetrate the lungs deeper) and difficult to filter they are. In the end the overall weight of these particles might have gone down, but since there are more particles and each particle does more damage, there is only an adverse effect.
Governments are messing this up bigtime and car and fuel manufacturers are hindered by this and are forced to develop things that in reality don't work.
The open filters that are fitted on existing cars don't appear work at all. They only seem to make matters worse. If you actually look at the particle numbers and size distribution rather than overall weight alone.
With closed filters the problem is that with the newer synthetic diesel fuels they need to redesign the filters. The different burn characteristics alter the temperature at which the filter needs to be cleaned (the filtered soot needs to be burned out)
So even the new fuels are causing problems. Of course the new low sulfur fuels are miles better than the old fuel, but car manufacturers need to adapt and old cars are now not ideally suited for these new fuels.
Anyway. It's getting better, but diesel is still a very unhealthy alternative and governments and companies are not working together at full efficiency. So what else is new I guess

The funny thing is that the government is to blame (at least here in Holland) for the Diesel becoming so popular. Insane high gas prices force people and companies to take an economic choice.
Actually the price of diesel is subsidized (or rather taxed lower) to keep transport companies competitive. The road tax is increased with the idea that only people who drive really a lot (ie trucks) will use it. It all went horribly wrong though.