Is there a way to turn off the touch part of the touchscreen?
Just don't turn it on in /boot/config.txt, I can't remember the line but it contains "ADS7846" I think. Just put a "#" in front of it.
You can also comment out the 6 lines (with a #) in /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-calibration.conf that configure it to work in X-windows.

What about the 4.3 inch screen or the 5 inch?
It's not the size or even the resolution, it's the SPI interface. Any HDMI-based LCD of any size should work the same as your normal computer monitor does. The SPI interface just can't render anything above 320x240 at a decent speed. (I have not used an SPI-based screen at these lower 320x240 resolutions but others appear to have no issues.)
One thing I would be mindful of is the size the ports and adapters will add to the dimensions of the screen. (in that they stick out A LOT)
Many HDMI-based LCDs use the SPI for power and/or touchscreen functions and that is fine as long as the video is being fed by the HDMI interface.
I bought one similar to this after my 4" debacle, and it works fine at full speed.
http://www.ebay.com/itm/5-Inch-800x480-HDMI-Touch-LCD-Screen-Display-For-Raspberry-Pi-Pi2-Model-B-A/331681442660
I literally tried everything known to man today to try and get it going.
Here are some links to some "beginning to end" setups, they may not work with your exact screen model, but they will give you an idea of how and why the screen is working.
http://futurice.com/blog/id-like-to-have-some-lcd-on-my-pihttp://blog.iteadstudio.com/raspberry-pi-2-8-tft-add-on/http://ozzmaker.com/raspberrypi-tft/If you don't have something similar to this in your /etc/modules file
flexfb width=320 height=480 regwidth=16 init=-1,0xb0,0x0,-1,0x11,-2,250,-1,0x3A,0x55,-1,0xC2,0x44,-1,0xC5,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,-1,0xE0,0x0F,0x1F,0x1C,0x0C,0x0F,0x08,0x48,0x98,0x37,0x0A,0x13,0x04,0x11,0x0D,0x00,-1,0xE1,0x0F,0x32,0x2E,0x0B,0x0D,0x05,0x47,0x75,0x37,0x06,0x10,0x03,0x24,0x20,0x00,-1,0xE2,0x0F,0x32,0x2E,0x0B,0x0D,0x05,0x47,0x75,0x37,0x06,0x10,0x03,0x24,0x20,0x00,-1,0x36,0x28,-1,0x11,-1,0x29,-3
fbtft_device debug=3 rotate=90 name=flexfb speed=16000000 gpios=reset:25,dc:24
it isn't going to work.
I can tell you with that screen if you don't have this line at the top of your ~/.advance/advmame.rc file
device_video_clock 0-100/0-100/0-100
and this line near the bottom
device_video_modeline generate 12.6 320 320 368 400 480 490 492 525 -hsync -vsync
then Mame it isn't going to work.
If you have a normal HDMI monitor and an LCD plugged in at the same time and you're not launching Mame with something similar to
FRAMEBUFFER=/dev/fb1 advmame galaga
it's not going to output on the LCD.