Is that right black usb board the tankstick brand?
No, it doesn't look like an X-Arcade encoder.
https://shop.xgaming.com/collections/arcade-parts
It's almost certainly a gampad encoder like the EG Starts, but a different model/color.
- The red connectors are usually for LEDs. (should be marked on the board)
With the labels on the buttons are they to signify something like that is what they are mapped to or are they just for something else?
Yes, the labels indicate the function each button was mapped to.
You'll need to map the controls in your emulator program(s) accordingly.
Scott...would you know if I wanted to add a spinner would a spinner connect to any of the usb boards or does the spinner have its own dedicated usb board/cable?
A spinner is an optical device so you'll need an optical (mouse) encoder.
https://wiki.arcadecontrols.com/index.php/Optical_EncodersThe trackball has a built-in optical encoder for the trackball X- and Y-axes, but doesn't have the connections/inputs to add a spinner.
- Unlike microswitch controls, you can't piggyback the optical input data lines for a spinner on the data lines for the X-axis because the data lines going HIGH/LOW are how the encoder knows if/when the axis moves. For example, if both A and B are LOW (phase 1) then B goes HIGH (phase 2), that tells the encoder that the axis has moved one step right (phase 1 to 2).
Moving the axis to the right outputs the pattern . . . 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . left to right in the image below.
Moving the axis to the left outputs the pattern . . . 4, 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1, . . . right to left in the image below.

The TT2 (
GroovyGameGear) and SpinTrak (
Ultimarc) spinners have USB optical encoders either included or available.
Scott