- At an absolute minimum connect them to encoder ground and hope that doesn't cause premature failure in the encoder's ICs.
I just wouldn't connect it, if this were the only option. Like BobA stated, it wouldn't be separate if it wasn't meant to be. Better to need to clean the unit more often. It's really the only reason for the ground wire. Static attracts hair, lint dust, etc. This mixes with the human grease on the ball and turns to crud, which is deposited to the rollers and then interferes with the TB's operation. If there were any significant charge in the ball, it would probably be better to allow it to dissipate naturally, or through player contact, than through the ground path of the electronics.
I think the case of someone nuking their optics PCBs is bit of a "wives tale". The possibility of it happening is remote at best. Think of all the pre-built consumer panels with trackballs out there, with the only wire exiting them being the USB cable.