I designed my portable modular CP to run off one USB connection that feeds an unpowered hub--maximum 100 mA current draw per connection.
It uses 3 Button Blaster LEDs with resistors from GGG (BB and R1), 14 LED buttons from Paradise(LB), and an 11 ohm current limiting resistor (R2).
------------5V------------------------>
| | | | | | |
BB BB BB LB LB LB LB (Total of 14)
| | | | | | |
R1 R1 R1 -------------------->
| | | |
| | | R2
| | | |
-----------Ground--------
The left side is the trackball circuit, the right side is the buttons.
This whole 17 LED + resistor configuration draws about 81 mA.
I'm having trouble understanding how things add up here, the three button blasters from GGG are expected to draw 20mA each so that only leaves 21 mA through 14 LEDs, which shouldn't be enough to light them up. Are all your buttons illuminated all the time or do they only illuminate when pressed? Something just doesn't add up there.
It's also a bit of bad design form to run parallel LEDs with a single current limiting resistor. While all the LEDs may be ideally identical, in the real world they won't be. Some will end up getting a little more current than others, may cause them to have a reduced lifespan. And if one or more were to burn out then the current through the others will go up. Probably not that big a deal but thought I'd mention it.
Great questions/observations, Mysterioii.
The first thing to remember is the difference between published specs and actual working values. The specs are the upper limits. I try to stay well within the limits.
Second, some of this is what some of my co-workers would refer to as "FM" - F. . .antastic Magic. (Uh, yeah, that's it.)
One way to envision electronics is to compare it to plumbing: current=amount of water, voltage=water pressure, etc. You know what happens when someone is in the shower and someone else flushes the toilet--parallel load applied to the supply results in decreased flow and a
response from the shower.
Several clarifications:
1. If you take apart the LED buttons from Paradise, and pull the LED completely out of the mounting socket, you find that the LED already has a current limiting resistor soldered to one leg. (not shown in my ASCII diagram)
2. I used 12V LED buttons, but powered them with 5v based on one of Bryan's (armi0024) posts in this thread:
http://forum.arcadecontrols.com/index.php?topic=112752.msg1200674#msg1200674Mine draw about 3.7 mA each and are are constantly on.
3. The trackball lighting circuit draws 56mA when powered separately from the buttons, but only 40 mA when I add it to the button lighting circuit.
NOTE: When the GGG ButtonBlaster page says, "don't look directly into them, or you might be seeing them long after you cut the power!" they aren't kidding.
4. I just noticed that the 5V from my USB power tap is reading 4.8V. This might account for some of the difference from the expected readings.
Even after playing around with electronics to the component level for the last 30 years, some of this multi-stage series+parallel design math is still a little confusing, but I find it helps to throw the components on a solderless breadboard to test the circuit before final assembly. This way I can change variables and test differences between the specs + actual operating measurements before I actually commit to the final circuit. That's how I came up with the value for R2--cautious trial and error after calculating values at
http://ledcalc.com/#calc .
Scott